Betula pendula Roth, 1788 60% complete

European white birch

Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 405 (1788)

Data sources

Each value Trefle shows for Betula pendula, with what every source says about it. When sources disagree, the strongest source is shown (how sources are ranked). Values imported before sources were recorded one by one are marked Source not recorded.

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Sourced21 Differs from sources3 Source not recorded10 Not on the record7 Sources: TRY Plant Trait Database, Earlier Trefle data
Field Shown What the sources say
Core
Author Roth No source recorded
Source not recorded
Bibliography Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 405 (1788) No source recorded
Source not recorded
Phylum Tracheophyta No source recorded
Source not recorded
Rank species No source recorded
Source not recorded
Status accepted No source recorded
Source not recorded
Year 1788 No source recorded
Source not recorded
Descriptive
Common name European white birch No source recorded
Source not recorded
Observations Temp. Eurasia, NW. Africa, Alaska to Canada No source recorded
Source not recorded
Morphology
Average height 1010 cm
  • 1010 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 617 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 12, 20, 25, 37, 45, 68, 86, 88, 92, 164, 178, 186, 191, 214, 241, 431, 474, 630, 685, 818, 873, 882, 897, 898, 909
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 1010 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 617 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 12, 20, 25, 37, 45, 68, 86, 88, 92, 164, 178, 186, 191, 214, 241, 431, 474, 630, 685, 818, 873, 882, 897, 898, 909
  • Superseded 1010 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 617 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 12, 20, 25, 37, 45, 68, 86, 88, 92, 164, 178, 186, 191, 214, 241, 431, 474, 630, 685, 818, 873, 882, 897, 898, 909
Sourced
Biological type phanerophyte
  • phanerophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 164, 174, 178, 203, 500, 918
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded phanerophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 164, 174, 178, 203, 500, 918
  • Superseded phanerophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 164, 174, 178, 203, 500, 918
Sourced
Flower color yellow
2 earlier or rejected values
Differs from sources
Flower conspicuous true
  • true · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Foliage color green
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Foliage texture fine
2 earlier or rejected values
Differs from sources
Fruit color brown
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Fruit conspicuous false No source recorded
Source not recorded
Fruit shape nut
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Growth form Thicket Forming
  • Thicket Forming · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Growth habit Tree
  • Tree · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Growth rate Rapid
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Maximum height 2500 cm
  • 2500 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 12, 20, 25, 37, 45, 68, 86, 88, 92, 164, 178, 186, 191, 214, 241, 431, 474, 630, 685, 818, 873, 882, 897, 898, 909
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 2500 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 12, 20, 25, 37, 45, 68, 86, 88, 92, 164, 178, 186, 191, 214, 241, 431, 474, 630, 685, 818, 873, 882, 897, 898, 909
  • Superseded 2500 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 12, 20, 25, 37, 45, 68, 86, 88, 92, 164, 178, 186, 191, 214, 241, 431, 474, 630, 685, 818, 873, 882, 897, 898, 909
Sourced
Sexuality monoecious
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Vegetable false No source recorded
Source not recorded
Phenology
Bloom months apr, may
3 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded jan, apr, may · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 37, 45, 174, 203
  • Superseded jan, apr, may · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 37, 45, 174, 203
  • Superseded jan, apr, may · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 37, 45, 174, 203
Sourced
Duration perennial
  • perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 18 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 28, 37, 71, 86, 92, 178, 460, 818, 882, 918
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 18 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 28, 37, 71, 86, 92, 178, 460, 818, 882, 918
  • Superseded perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 18 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 28, 37, 71, 86, 92, 178, 460, 818, 882, 918
Sourced
Ecology
Atmospheric humidity 4 / 9 · moderately dry air
  • 4 / 9 · moderately dry air · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Ground humidity 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric)
  • 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 489
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 489
  • Superseded 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 489
Sourced
Light 8 / 9 · light
  • 7 / 9 · half-light to light · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 7 / 9 · half-light to light · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178
  • Superseded 7 / 9 · half-light to light · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178
Differs from sources
Nitrogen fixation None
  • None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 108 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 37, 57, 67, 71, 89, 94, 110, 278, 444, 445, 822
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 108 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 37, 57, 67, 71, 89, 94, 110, 278, 444, 445, 822
  • Superseded None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 108 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 37, 57, 67, 71, 89, 94, 110, 278, 444, 445, 822
Sourced
Ph maximum pH 7.5
  • pH 7.5 · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Ph minimum pH 5
  • pH 5 · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Soil nutriments 3 / 9 · poor (oligotrophic)
  • 3 / 9 · poor (oligotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 489
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 3 / 9 · poor (oligotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 489
  • Superseded 3 / 9 · poor (oligotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 489
Sourced
Soil salinity 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils
  • 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242
  • Superseded 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242
Sourced
Cultivation
Minimum root depth 23 cm
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 23 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 37, 92, 432, 818
  • Superseded 23 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 37, 92, 432, 818
Sourced
Usda legacy
C n ratio empty
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Other
Human usage type —
  • fuelwood, medical, nursery_stock, timber · TRY Plant Trait Database · Reported · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 68, 92
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded fuelwood, medical, nursery_stock, timber · TRY Plant Trait Database · Reported · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 68, 92
  • Superseded fuelwood, medical, nursery_stock, timber · TRY Plant Trait Database · Reported · 1 observation · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 68, 92
Not on the record
Propagation method —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Salt tolerance —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Shade tolerance —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Soil ph indicator —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Temperature indicator —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record