Cichorium intybus L., 1753 56% complete

Belgium endive

(1753). Sp. Pl. 2

Data sources

Each value Trefle shows for Cichorium intybus, with what every source says about it. When sources disagree, the strongest source is shown (how sources are ranked). Values imported before sources were recorded one by one are marked Source not recorded.

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Sourced21 Differs from sources4 Source not recorded10 Not on the record7 Sources: TRY Plant Trait Database, Earlier Trefle data
Field Shown What the sources say
Core
Author L. No source recorded
Source not recorded
Bibliography (1753). Sp. Pl. 2 No source recorded
Source not recorded
Phylum Tracheophyta No source recorded
Source not recorded
Rank species No source recorded
Source not recorded
Status accepted No source recorded
Source not recorded
Year 1753 No source recorded
Source not recorded
Descriptive
Common name Belgium endive No source recorded
Source not recorded
Family common name Aster family No source recorded
Source not recorded
Observations Europe to C. Asia and W. Himalaya, Macaronesia to N. Africa No source recorded
Source not recorded
Morphology
Average height 40 cm
  • 40 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 60 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 28, 50, 66, 86, 92, 116, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 251, 419, 564, 818, 882, 898, 918, 926
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 40 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 60 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 28, 50, 66, 86, 92, 116, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 251, 419, 564, 818, 882, 898, 918, 926
  • Superseded 40 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 60 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 28, 50, 66, 86, 92, 116, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 251, 419, 564, 818, 882, 898, 918, 926
Sourced
Biological type hemicryptophyte
  • hemicryptophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 16 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 488, 500, 918
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded hemicryptophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 16 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 488, 500, 918
  • Superseded hemicryptophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 16 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 488, 500, 918
Sourced
Edible part leaves, flowers
  • leaves|flowers · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Differs from sources
Flower color white, blue, purple
2 earlier or rejected values
Differs from sources
Flower conspicuous true
  • true · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Foliage color green
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Foliage texture coarse
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Fruit color brown
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Fruit conspicuous false No source recorded
Source not recorded
Fruit shape achene
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Growth form Bunch
  • Bunch · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Growth habit Forb/herb
  • Forb/herb · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Growth rate Rapid
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Maximum height 120 cm
  • 120 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 7 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 28, 50, 66, 86, 92, 116, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 251, 419, 564, 818, 882, 898, 918, 926
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 120 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 7 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 28, 50, 66, 86, 92, 116, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 251, 419, 564, 818, 882, 898, 918, 926
  • Superseded 120 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 7 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 28, 50, 66, 86, 92, 116, 164, 174, 175, 178, 203, 251, 419, 564, 818, 882, 898, 918, 926
Sourced
Sexuality empty
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Vegetable true
  • true · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Phenology
Bloom months jul, aug, sep
3 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded feb, jun, jul · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 5 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 163, 174, 203
  • Superseded feb, jun, jul · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 5 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 163, 174, 203
  • Superseded feb, jun, jul · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 5 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 163, 174, 203
Differs from sources
Duration perennial
  • perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 31 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 86, 92, 110, 164, 178, 203, 432, 460, 818, 882, 918, 925
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 31 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 86, 92, 110, 164, 178, 203, 432, 460, 818, 882, 918, 925
  • Superseded perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 31 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 86, 92, 110, 164, 178, 203, 432, 460, 818, 882, 918, 925
Sourced
Ecology
Atmospheric humidity 5 / 9 · medium air humidity
  • 5 / 9 · medium air humidity · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Ground humidity 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric)
  • 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 203
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 203
  • Superseded 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 203
Sourced
Light 8 / 9 · light
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Nitrogen fixation None
  • None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 57, 71, 110, 444, 445, 822
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 57, 71, 110, 444, 445, 822
  • Superseded None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 57, 71, 110, 444, 445, 822
Sourced
Ph maximum pH 7.5
  • pH 7.5 · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Ph minimum pH 6
  • pH 6 · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Soil nutriments 6 / 9 · rather rich (meso-eutrophic)
  • 5 / 9 · intermediate (mesotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 5 / 9 · intermediate (mesotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178
  • Superseded 5 / 9 · intermediate (mesotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178
Differs from sources
Soil salinity 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils
  • 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242
  • Superseded 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242
Sourced
Cultivation
Minimum root depth 119 cm
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 119 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 11 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 92, 432, 818, 898
  • Superseded 119 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 11 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 92, 432, 818, 898
Sourced
Usda legacy
C n ratio empty
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Other
Human usage type —
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded berries_nuts_seeds · TRY Plant Trait Database · Reported · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 92
  • Superseded berries_nuts_seeds · TRY Plant Trait Database · Reported · 1 observation · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 92
Not on the record
Propagation method —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Salt tolerance —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Shade tolerance —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Soil ph indicator —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record