Data sources

Each value Trefle shows for Epilobium ciliatum, with what every source says about it. When sources disagree, the strongest source is shown (how sources are ranked). Values imported before sources were recorded one by one are marked Source not recorded.

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Sourced15 Differs from sources2 Source not recorded9 Not on the record6 Sources: TRY Plant Trait Database, Earlier Trefle data

Field	Shown	What the sources say
Core
Author	Raf.	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Bibliography	Med. Repos. 2(5): 361 (1808)	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Phylum	Tracheophyta	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Rank	species	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Status	accepted	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Year	1808	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Descriptive
Common name	American willowherb	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Observations	Temp. Northern Hemisphere to Guatemala, S. South America	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Morphology
Average height	75 cm	75 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 9 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 116, 174, 178, 468, 882	Sourced
Biological type	hemicryptophyte	hemicryptophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 7 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 71, 174, 178	Sourced
Flower color	purple	magenta, white · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 882	Differs from sources
Foliage texture	medium	medium · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 71	Sourced
Fruit shape	capsule	capsule · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 6 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 882	Sourced
Growth habit	Forb/herb	Forb/herb · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Maximum height	115 cm	115 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 6 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 116, 174, 178, 468, 882	Sourced
Sexuality	empty	hermaphrodite · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 4	Not on the record
Vegetable	false	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Phenology
Bloom months	jun	jun · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 11 observations · 2026-10-20 TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 174 1 earlier or rejected value Superseded feb, jun · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 11 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 174	Sourced
Duration	annual, perennial	annual, perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 14 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 178, 882	Sourced
Fruit months	empty	jan, feb, mar, apr, may, sep, oct, nov, dec · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 882	Not on the record
Ecology
Atmospheric humidity	6 / 9 · moderately humid air	6 / 9 · moderately humid air · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Ground humidity	6 / 12 · moist (meso-hygrophilous)	6 / 12 · moist (meso-hygrophilous) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242	Sourced
Light	5 / 9 · half-shade	7 / 9 · half-light to light · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 178	Differs from sources
Nitrogen fixation	None	None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 71, 445	Sourced
Ph maximum	pH 7	pH 7 · Earlier Trefle data · Inferred · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded derived from a Baseflor soil reaction class by the 2022 import, a class not a measurement	Sourced
Ph minimum	pH 6.5	pH 6.5 · Earlier Trefle data · Inferred · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded derived from a Baseflor soil reaction class by the 2022 import, a class not a measurement	Sourced
Soil nutriments	7 / 9 · rich (eutrophic)	7 / 9 · rich (eutrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242	Sourced
Soil salinity	0 / 9 · absent from saline soils	0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 174, 178, 242	Sourced
Other
Propagation method	—	seed, vegetative · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 174	Not on the record
Shade tolerance	—	None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 10 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 174	Not on the record
Soil ph indicator	—	7 · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 178, 242	Not on the record
Temperature indicator	—	6 · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 242	Not on the record

Epilobium ciliatum Raf., 1808 43% complete

American willowherb

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Data sources