Data sources

Each value Trefle shows for Populus deltoides, with what every source says about it. When sources disagree, the strongest source is shown (how sources are ranked). Values imported before sources were recorded one by one are marked Source not recorded.

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Sourced18 Differs from sources3 Source not recorded11 Not on the record4 Sources: TRY Plant Trait Database, Earlier Trefle data

Field	Shown	What the sources say
Core
Author	W.Bartram ex Marshall	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Bibliography	Arbust. Amer.: 106 (1785)	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Phylum	Tracheophyta	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Rank	species	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Status	accepted	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Year	1785	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Descriptive
Common name	Eastern cottonwood	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Observations	C. & E. Canada to Mexico	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Morphology
Average height	2335 cm	2335 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 44 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 28, 68, 92, 116, 184, 241, 853, 873, 909, 918, 925	Sourced
Biological type	phanerophyte	phanerophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 2 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 918	Sourced
Flower color	green	yellow · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 92	Differs from sources
Flower conspicuous	false	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Foliage color	green	green · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 92	Sourced
Foliage texture	coarse	medium · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 92	Differs from sources
Fruit color	white	white · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 92	Sourced
Fruit conspicuous	false	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Growth form	Single Stem	Single Stem · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Growth habit	Tree	Tree · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Growth rate	Rapid	Rapid · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 92	Sourced
Maximum height	5790 cm	5790 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 3 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 28, 68, 92, 116, 184, 241, 853, 873, 909, 918, 925	Sourced
Sexuality	dioecious	dioecious · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 365	Sourced
Vegetable	false	No source recorded	Source not recorded
Phenology
Bloom months	mar, apr	mar\|apr · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Differs from sources
Duration	perennial	perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 256 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 28, 92, 365, 759, 818, 882, 918, 925	Sourced
Ecology
Atmospheric humidity	8 / 9 · very humid air	8 / 9 · very humid air · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Light	8 / 9 · light	8 / 9 · light · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Nitrogen fixation	None	None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 15 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 57, 67, 96, 110, 444, 445, 822	Sourced
Ph maximum	pH 7.3	pH 7.3 · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Ph minimum	pH 5.2	pH 5.2 · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Soil nutriments	6 / 9 · rather rich (meso-eutrophic)	6 / 9 · rather rich (meso-eutrophic) · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Soil salinity	0 / 9 · absent from saline soils	0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19 value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded	Sourced
Cultivation
Minimum root depth	248 cm	248 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 10 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 92, 432, 818	Sourced
Usda legacy
C n ratio	empty	25.3 · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 79, 412, 981	Not on the record
Other
Human usage type	—	coppice_potential, fuelwood, lumber, nursery_stock, ornamental, pulpwood, timber · TRY Plant Trait Database · Reported · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 68, 92	Not on the record
Salt tolerance	—	None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 92	Not on the record
Shade tolerance	—	None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09 TRY 7.0 datasets 92	Not on the record

Populus deltoides W.Bartram ex Marshall, 1785 56% complete

Eastern cottonwood

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Data sources