Centaurea jacea L., 1753 50% complete

Brown knapweed

Sp. Pl.: 914 (1753)

Data sources

Each value Trefle shows for Centaurea jacea, with what every source says about it. When sources disagree, the strongest source is shown (how sources are ranked). Values imported before sources were recorded one by one are marked Source not recorded.

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Sourced14 Differs from sources5 Source not recorded10 Not on the record3 Sources: TRY Plant Trait Database, Earlier Trefle data
Field Shown What the sources say
Core
Author L. No source recorded
Source not recorded
Bibliography Sp. Pl.: 914 (1753) No source recorded
Source not recorded
Phylum Tracheophyta No source recorded
Source not recorded
Rank species No source recorded
Source not recorded
Status accepted No source recorded
Source not recorded
Year 1753 No source recorded
Source not recorded
Descriptive
Common name Brown knapweed No source recorded
Source not recorded
Family common name Aster family No source recorded
Source not recorded
Observations Europe to W. Siberia and Caucasus No source recorded
Source not recorded
Morphology
Average height 23 cm
  • 22.7 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 270 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 45, 76, 88, 116, 133, 203, 251, 320, 347, 356, 428, 589, 655, 807, 882, 898, 918, 926
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 22.7 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 270 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 45, 76, 88, 116, 133, 203, 251, 320, 347, 356, 428, 589, 655, 807, 882, 898, 918, 926
  • Superseded 22.7 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 270 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 45, 76, 88, 116, 133, 203, 251, 320, 347, 356, 428, 589, 655, 807, 882, 898, 918, 926
Differs from sources
Biological type hemicryptophyte
  • hemicryptophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 11 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 175, 203, 500, 655, 918
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded hemicryptophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 11 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 175, 203, 500, 655, 918
  • Superseded hemicryptophyte · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 11 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 71, 175, 203, 500, 655, 918
Sourced
Flower color purple
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Foliage texture coarse
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Fruit color grey
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Fruit shape achene
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Growth habit Forb/herb
  • Forb/herb · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Maximum height 40 cm
  • 39.5 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 45, 76, 88, 116, 133, 203, 251, 320, 347, 356, 428, 589, 655, 807, 882, 898, 918, 926
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 39.5 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 45, 76, 88, 116, 133, 203, 251, 320, 347, 356, 428, 589, 655, 807, 882, 898, 918, 926
  • Superseded 39.5 cm · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 25, 45, 76, 88, 116, 133, 203, 251, 320, 347, 356, 428, 589, 655, 807, 882, 898, 918, 926
Differs from sources
Vegetable false No source recorded
Source not recorded
Phenology
Bloom months jun, jul, aug, sep
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded jun, jul, aug · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 10 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 45, 203
  • Superseded jun, jul, aug · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 10 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 45, 203
Differs from sources
Duration annual, biennial, perennial
  • annual, biennial, perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 12 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 28, 71, 110, 203, 818, 882, 918
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded annual, biennial, perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 12 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 28, 71, 110, 203, 818, 882, 918
  • Superseded annual, biennial, perennial · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 12 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 4, 25, 28, 71, 110, 203, 818, 882, 918
Sourced
Ecology
Atmospheric humidity 5 / 9 · medium air humidity
  • 5 / 9 · medium air humidity · Earlier Trefle data · Reported · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded
Sourced
Ground humidity 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric)
  • 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 203, 242, 489
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 203, 242, 489
  • Superseded 5 / 12 · fresh, never flooded (mesohydric) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 203, 242, 489
Sourced
Light 8 / 9 · light
  • 7 / 9 · half-light to light · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 489
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 7 / 9 · half-light to light · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 489
  • Superseded 7 / 9 · half-light to light · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 1 observation · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 489
Differs from sources
Nitrogen fixation None
  • None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 57, 71, 89, 444, 445
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 57, 71, 89, 444, 445
  • Superseded None · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 8 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 20, 57, 71, 89, 444, 445
Sourced
Ph maximum pH 7
  • pH 7 · Earlier Trefle data · Inferred · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded derived from a Baseflor soil reaction class by the 2022 import, a class not a measurement
Sourced
Ph minimum pH 6.5
  • pH 6.5 · Earlier Trefle data · Inferred · 2026-10-19
    value present before provenance tracking (2022 import), no source recorded derived from a Baseflor soil reaction class by the 2022 import, a class not a measurement
Sourced
Soil nutriments 5 / 9 · intermediate (mesotrophic)
  • 4 / 9 · rather poor (meso-oligotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 242, 489
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 4 / 9 · rather poor (meso-oligotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 242, 489
  • Superseded 4 / 9 · rather poor (meso-oligotrophic) · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 242, 489
Differs from sources
Soil salinity 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils
  • 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 242, 489
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 242, 489
  • Superseded 0 / 9 · absent from saline soils · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 4 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 242, 489
Sourced
Cultivation
Minimum root depth 16 cm
2 earlier or rejected values
Sourced
Usda legacy
C n ratio empty
2 earlier or rejected values
  • Superseded 17.1 · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 13 observations · 2026-10-09
    TRY 7.0 datasets 76, 88, 347, 412, 416
  • Superseded 17.1 · TRY Plant Trait Database · Measured · 13 observations · 2026-09-17
    TRY 7.0 datasets 76, 88, 347, 412, 416
Not on the record
Other
Soil ph indicator —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record
Temperature indicator —
2 earlier or rejected values
Not on the record